引用
找回文化：勞動市場中制度與結構的性別化過程
Bringing the Culture Back in: The Gendered Processes within Institutions and Structures in Taiwanese Labor Marketsv
作者：張晉芬（Chin-Fen Chang） | 首次發表於 2020-07-04 | 第 29 期 December 2002
DOI：https://dx.doi.org/10.6786/TJS.200212.0097
研究紀要（Research Notes）
DOI：https://dx.doi.org/10.6786/TJS.200212.0097
研究紀要（Research Notes）
論文資訊 | Article information
摘要 Abstract
現有關於勞動結果性別差異的研究主要強調結構性因素對於女性勞動參與和待遇的影響，而較少探討這些因素背後的文化作用。本文試圖指出，組織內結構和製度的建立、運作、和鞏固往往是人為操作的結果，所反映的是性別意識型態和其他類型性別文化的操作。文中的資料是來自於對近五十位現職或已離職已婚女性的深度訪談。大多數的受訪者是受僱於公營事業。作者發現，即使在公營事業中，表面上職務的安排、薪資給予、和升遷都有製度和規範可循，但實際上處處可見男性雇主或管理階層操弄的痕跡。事業組織中的考試、升等、或是人事決策都是在鞏固原有的性別化製度和結構。去身體化既是一種實際的操作，也是一種想像。女人的勞動價值受到一致性的貶抑。在結論中作者指出，所謂「找回文化」的意義是要強調，瞭解職場中製度和結構性別化的鞏固、和規劃有效運動策略的前提，就是分析社會、家庭、和組織層次性別意識型態如何形成和相互強化。
關鍵字：職業性別隔離、去身體化、性別意識型態、升遷、性別歧視
關鍵字：職業性別隔離、去身體化、性別意識型態、升遷、性別歧視
There are more studies examining the impacts of structural factors on gender differences in the labor markets than studies examining how structures and institutions were established, practiced, and consolidated in the organizations. This paper intends to show that gender ideology accounts largely for the establishment and consolidation of the structural and institutional barriers against women in the work place. Utilizing part of the results of interviews with about 50 married female workers, the author shows how the male supervisors and employers use structural and institutional rules to discriminate against women in allocations of occupations and job titles, promotion opportunities, and payment in various organizations. These discriminating practices are based on the imagined disembodiment of women workers. Women workers were discriminated against in state-owned-enterprises as well as in private companies. This paper calls for more attention to the study of the consolidation of gende red organizations by focusing on the interplays of cultural manifestations between the societal, organizational, and family levels.
Keywords: Occupational Sex Segregation, Disembodied, Gender Ideology, Promotion, Gender Discrimination
Keywords: Occupational Sex Segregation, Disembodied, Gender Ideology, Promotion, Gender Discrimination
