引用
中共對臺灣青年工作的遷移基礎建設分析
Infrastructuring Youth: Chinese Governmental Mobilizations of Taiwanese Young People to China
作者：沈秀華（Hsiu-Hua Shen）、鄭志鵬（Chih-Peng Cheng） | 首次發表於 2025-02-12 | 線上優先出版 Online First
DOI：
研究論文（Research Articles）
DOI：
研究論文（Research Articles）
論文資訊 | Article information
摘要 Abstract
（本文尚待排版與校對）
中共自1978年經濟改革起，就以將臺灣融入中國經濟發展為策略來促進以利逼政的一中議程，近十多年來，尤其是在太陽花運動後更擴大打造吸納臺灣青年移動到中國求學、就業與創業的「中國夢」。透過對中國政策與相關二手資料分析以及對臺灣青年與相關人員的訪談，本文借鏡移民研究的「遷移基礎建設」概念，從規範性、社會性、技術性、與商業性四個基礎建設面向，分析中共推動臺青到中國的工作內部結構樣貌，進而希望能改變臺青對中國的觀感以及對臺灣與中國關係的態度。本文發現中共以針對青年生命階段所關注的「生涯發展」為工作切入點，對臺青建立起高度組織化與制度化、既是物質性也是論述與文化性、跨境臺灣與中國的遷移基礎建設，深深影響許多臺青移動中國的動機與途徑，以尋求與累積生涯發展所需要的社會與經濟等資本。中共對臺青工作所營建起的四個基礎建設間，雖各自有不同的制度運作邏輯、但往往互相交織影響，彼此既衝突又強化，也顯現內捲化現象。從現象面，這個研究試圖補充既有相關研究，較缺少從制度與組織的多重交織層面來解析中共對臺青工作的結構樣貌；在國際相關研究與理論上，一般認知往往以為中產階級或高教育者的遷移決定與經驗是高度自主與自由的，這個研究發現受高等教育的臺灣青年的遷移中國途徑與經驗，卻是高度受中國國族主義與中共相關政策的媒介；此外，中共對臺青統戰工作也成為中共對臺青、甚至臺灣社會，能施展銳實力的關鍵基礎，顯示銳實力的施展非僅是虛擬、抽象大宣傳，而是立基於社會脈絡中。
關鍵詞：臺灣與中國關係、臺灣青年、遷移基礎建設、中國國族主義、銳實力
中共自1978年經濟改革起，就以將臺灣融入中國經濟發展為策略來促進以利逼政的一中議程，近十多年來，尤其是在太陽花運動後更擴大打造吸納臺灣青年移動到中國求學、就業與創業的「中國夢」。透過對中國政策與相關二手資料分析以及對臺灣青年與相關人員的訪談，本文借鏡移民研究的「遷移基礎建設」概念，從規範性、社會性、技術性、與商業性四個基礎建設面向，分析中共推動臺青到中國的工作內部結構樣貌，進而希望能改變臺青對中國的觀感以及對臺灣與中國關係的態度。本文發現中共以針對青年生命階段所關注的「生涯發展」為工作切入點，對臺青建立起高度組織化與制度化、既是物質性也是論述與文化性、跨境臺灣與中國的遷移基礎建設，深深影響許多臺青移動中國的動機與途徑，以尋求與累積生涯發展所需要的社會與經濟等資本。中共對臺青工作所營建起的四個基礎建設間，雖各自有不同的制度運作邏輯、但往往互相交織影響，彼此既衝突又強化，也顯現內捲化現象。從現象面，這個研究試圖補充既有相關研究，較缺少從制度與組織的多重交織層面來解析中共對臺青工作的結構樣貌；在國際相關研究與理論上，一般認知往往以為中產階級或高教育者的遷移決定與經驗是高度自主與自由的，這個研究發現受高等教育的臺灣青年的遷移中國途徑與經驗，卻是高度受中國國族主義與中共相關政策的媒介；此外，中共對臺青統戰工作也成為中共對臺青、甚至臺灣社會，能施展銳實力的關鍵基礎，顯示銳實力的施展非僅是虛擬、抽象大宣傳，而是立基於社會脈絡中。
關鍵詞：臺灣與中國關係、臺灣青年、遷移基礎建設、中國國族主義、銳實力
（本文尚待排版與校對）
This paper uses the concept of migration infrastructure to analyze how the Chinese government has systematically built up four dimensions of infrastructure, such as regulatory, social, technical, and commercial to attract Taiwanese youth to China in order to make them submit into Chinese nationalistic discourse. Data come from documentary analyses of news reports, event contents, and various levels of governmental policies, and from in-depth interviews with Taiwanese youth who have gone to China for short terms of academic exchanges or internships or longer terms of studying, employment, or entrepreneurship, and with Taiwanese who have promoted or assisted the movements of Taiwanese youth to China. This paper finds that Chinese governments have established expansive and complicated institutions and organizations to mobilize Taiwanese youth to China in order to shape their perception of China and their national identity. There are reinforcements and contradictions among those four dimensions of infrastructure about Chinese governments' political works on Taiwanese youth. Institutional involutions are found in the process in which various actors and institutions have their own working logics, and the interests of both Taiwanese youth and the Chinese government are comprised. Against the conventional belief that middle class or professionals are rather free from mediation during the migration. This paper finds that educated Taiwanese youth are highly mediated and shaped by Chinese governmental policies and nationalistic discourse on their migratory decisions and experiences. This paper also shows that Chinese government's united front works are key bases for its acts of shape power and that exercises of sharp power are situated within social contexts.
Keywords: Taiwan and China relations, Taiwanese youth, Chinese nationalism, migration infrastructure, and Sharp power
This paper uses the concept of migration infrastructure to analyze how the Chinese government has systematically built up four dimensions of infrastructure, such as regulatory, social, technical, and commercial to attract Taiwanese youth to China in order to make them submit into Chinese nationalistic discourse. Data come from documentary analyses of news reports, event contents, and various levels of governmental policies, and from in-depth interviews with Taiwanese youth who have gone to China for short terms of academic exchanges or internships or longer terms of studying, employment, or entrepreneurship, and with Taiwanese who have promoted or assisted the movements of Taiwanese youth to China. This paper finds that Chinese governments have established expansive and complicated institutions and organizations to mobilize Taiwanese youth to China in order to shape their perception of China and their national identity. There are reinforcements and contradictions among those four dimensions of infrastructure about Chinese governments' political works on Taiwanese youth. Institutional involutions are found in the process in which various actors and institutions have their own working logics, and the interests of both Taiwanese youth and the Chinese government are comprised. Against the conventional belief that middle class or professionals are rather free from mediation during the migration. This paper finds that educated Taiwanese youth are highly mediated and shaped by Chinese governmental policies and nationalistic discourse on their migratory decisions and experiences. This paper also shows that Chinese government's united front works are key bases for its acts of shape power and that exercises of sharp power are situated within social contexts.
Keywords: Taiwan and China relations, Taiwanese youth, Chinese nationalism, migration infrastructure, and Sharp power
